1. Destination Country
Mountain gorillas live in the forested mountain ranges where Uganda, Rwanda, and the Democratic Republic of Congo meet. Each country offers a unique trekking experience:
Uganda: Bwindi Impenetrable National Park and Mgahinga Gorilla National Park
Rwanda: Volcanoes National Park
Congo: Virunga National Park

Uganda has the highest number of habituated gorilla families, offering more trekking opportunities.

2. Permit Requirements
To visit mountain gorillas, a valid gorilla permit is required for each person, for each day of trekking. Permits must be reserved in advance through licensed tour operators or park authorities such as Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA), Rwanda Development Board (RDB), or Virunga National Park.

3. Permit Cost
Uganda: $700 per person per trek (foreign non-residents)
Rwanda: $1,500 per person per trek
Congo: Around $400 (subject to availability and park conditions)
The cost includes ranger guides, park entry, and a conservation fee.

A $50 logistics fee applies if the permit is purchased through this website and the safari is not booked with Alpha Adventure Safaris.

4. Best Time to Go
Dry months are ideal:
June to September
December to February
These months offer more reliable weather, clearer views, and firmer trekking trails.

5. Trekking Season (Dry/Wet)
Dry Season: Easier trekking conditions, fewer insects
Wet Season (March–May & October–November): Greener scenery and fewer tourists, but muddier and more strenuous trails

6. Age Restrictions
Only travelers aged 15 years and above are allowed to trek. This rule helps minimize risk and maintain a calm environment for the gorillas.
Fitness Level Required
Moderate to high fitness is recommended. Treks often involve steep slopes, uneven paths, and dense forest. Some gorilla families are closer, while others may require several hours of hiking.

7. Group Size Limits
Each gorilla family is visited by no more than 8 trekkers per day. This minimizes stress on the gorillas and offers a more intimate experience.

8. Trek Duration (Hours)
The total trekking time can range from 30 minutes to over 6 hours, depending on where the gorillas are that day. The time spent with the gorillas is strictly limited to one hour.

9. Meeting Point/Starting Location
Treks begin from official park headquarters:
Uganda (Bwindi): Buhoma, Ruhija, Rushaga, Nkuringo
Mgahinga: Ntebeko Visitor Center
Rwanda: Kinigi Headquarters
Congo: Bukima Ranger Post (Virunga)

Briefings and group allocations happen here before trekking begins.

10. Reporting Time
All trekkers must report by 7:00 AM for registration, a security briefing, and group assignment. Treks usually start around 8:00 AM.

11. What to Wear
Long trousers and long-sleeved shirts (to protect from stinging nettles and insects)
Sturdy hiking boots with ankle support
Rain jacket or poncho (rain is common year-round)
Hat and sunglasses (for sun protection)
Warm layers (mornings can be chilly)

12. Essential Packing List
Refillable water bottle (at least 1.5 liters)
Energy snacks or packed lunch (for longer treks)
Gardening gloves (for grabbing vegetation on steep sections)
Walking stick (often provided at the start)
Camera (flash disabled)
Waterproof daypack
Binoculars (optional, for birding or other wildlife)

13. Prohibited Items
Plastic bags (banned in Rwanda and discouraged elsewhere)
Drones (require special permits or are banned)
Flash photography
Smoking or loud music during the trek
Food and drink consumption near gorillas

14. Park Rules & Regulations
Keep a minimum distance of 7 meters from gorillas
Do not touch or approach the gorillas
If you’re ill (flu, cold, or diarrhea), you won’t be allowed to trek
Speak quietly and follow ranger instructions
Stay in your assigned group during the trek

15. Gorilla Family Allocation Process
Groups are assigned during the morning briefing. Rangers consider your age, fitness level, and preferences when assigning a gorilla family. Some groups are easier to reach; others require more strenuous hikes.

16. Distance to Gorillas
Gorillas move freely through their habitat. Some days, they are near the trailhead; on others, the hike can take hours. Rangers track them early each morning to estimate locations before assigning groups.

17. Altitude/Terrain Difficulty
Trekking elevations range from 1,200 to 3,000 meters (4,000 to 10,000 feet). Trails can be steep, muddy, or slippery, especially in rainy seasons. Hikes involve navigating thick forest, uneven ground, and hilly terrain.

18. Guide & Porter Availability
All treks are led by experienced rangers and trackers. Porters are available for hire and can carry your bag, offer a hand on difficult terrain, and support local employment. Hiring a porter is highly recommended—even if you’re fit.

19. Health/Vaccination Requirements
Yellow Fever: Mandatory for entry in Uganda, Rwanda, and Congo
Recommended: Hepatitis A & B, Typhoid, Tetanus, Rabies (for extended travel)
Carry your vaccination card while traveling.

20. Malaria Risk & Prevention
All trekking areas have a malaria risk. Preventive steps include:
Antimalarial medication
Mosquito repellent (with DEET)
Long sleeves and pants at night
Sleeping under insecticide-treated nets

21. Visa Requirements
A valid tourist visa is required:
Uganda: Single-entry or East Africa Tourist Visa
Rwanda: Single-entry or East Africa Tourist Visa
Congo: Obtain in advance through Virunga’s official channels

The East Africa Tourist Visa allows entry into Uganda, Rwanda, and Kenya on a single visa.

22. Nearest Airport
Uganda: Entebbe International Airport (EBB), with regional flights to Kihihi or Kisoro (for Bwindi)
Rwanda: Kigali International Airport (KGL) – just 2.5 hours to Volcanoes NP
Congo: Goma International Airport (GOM), near Virunga NP

23. Transport Options to the Park
Private 4×4 vehicle (with a guide/driver)
Scheduled domestic flights (Aerolink for Uganda)
Public transport is limited and not recommended for park access

24. Accommodation Options
You’ll find a wide range of lodges:
Budget: Community guesthouses, basic campsites
Mid-range: Comfortable eco-lodges with full board
Luxury: High-end lodges with private views, gourmet meals, and spa services
Booking near your trek start point is highly recommended to avoid early morning travel.

25. Security/Safety Situation
Gorilla trekking zones are well-patrolled and secure. Rangers accompany every trek, and the parks work with tourism police for safety. Always check for updated travel advisories, particularly for Congo.

26. Gorilla Behavior Guidelines
Gorillas are peaceful but wild. Avoid:
Sudden movements
Direct eye contact (can be seen as a challenge)
Imitating vocalizations
If a gorilla charges, remain still and crouch down slowly. Always follow your guide’s instructions.

27. Maximum Time with Gorillas
You’re allowed 60 minutes with a habituated gorilla family. This helps minimize stress on the gorillas and maintains a sustainable tourism model.

28. Photography Rules
No flash
Stay quiet
Keep a safe distance
Protect your equipment from rain and humidity

29. Tipping Etiquette
Tips are a meaningful way to thank your guide or porter:
Guide: $10–$20
Porter: $10–$15
Ranger Team (group tip): $5–$10 per trekker
Tips are voluntary but greatly appreciated.

30. Emergency Protocols
Each trekking group carries a first aid kit. In case of injury or severe illness, rangers coordinate evacuation using stretchers or call for backup. Medical evacuation insurance is strongly advised.

31. Conservation Fees
Your permit fee supports:

32. Gorilla monitoring and protection
Ranger patrols

33. Community infrastructure
Veterinary interventions (e.g., snares)

34. Local Culture & Customs
Respect for local norms goes a long way:
Ask before taking photos of people
Learn a few greetings (like “Agandi” or “Muraho”)
Support local artisans or guides when possible

35. Language/Communication Tips
Uganda: English, Luganda, Runyankole
Rwanda: Kinyarwanda, English, French
Congo: French, Swahili

English is common in tourism areas, but local phrases are always appreciated.

36. Currency & Payment Methods
Uganda: Ugandan Shilling (UGX)
Rwanda: Rwandan Franc (RWF)
Congo: Congolese Franc (CDF)

Most lodges accept credit cards, but cash is preferred in rural areas. Carry small denominations for tips and local purchases.

37. Electricity/Connectivity Availability
Electricity may be solar-powered or generator-based. Charging stations are usually available in common areas. Mobile networks work in some regions, but signal strength is weak in forested areas.

38. Weather Conditions
The weather is unpredictable. Days are warm, but forests are cool and misty. Rain can fall even in dry months. Bring waterproof clothing and cover your gear.

39. Altitude Sickness Risk
Trekking elevations are high enough to cause mild symptoms in some travelers. Drink plenty of water, walk slowly, and rest as needed. Symptoms usually fade within a day or two.

40. Wildlife Besides Gorillas
Keep your eyes open—these forests are rich with biodiversity:
Golden monkeys (Mgahinga, Volcanoes NP)
Black-and-white colobus monkeys
Birds: Over 350 species in Bwindi alone
Chameleons, butterflies, forest hogs, and sometimes elephants or buffalo